{"id":5050,"date":"2020-05-26T14:42:44","date_gmt":"2020-05-26T11:42:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ninzio.com\/concept\/?p=5050"},"modified":"2020-12-09T15:31:44","modified_gmt":"2020-12-09T12:31:44","slug":"ka-planot-uznemuma-darbibu-krizes-laika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/emergingsolutions.eu\/en\/ka-planot-uznemuma-darbibu-krizes-laika-2020-05-26\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u0101 pl\u0101not uz\u0146\u0113muma darb\u012bbu kr\u012bzes laik\u0101?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0160is ir otrais no \u010detriem SIA \u201cEmerging Solutions\u201d sagatavotajiem rakstiem, kurus pied\u0101v\u0101jam mazo un vid\u0113jo uz\u0146\u0113mumu vad\u012bt\u0101jiem. Rakstu t\u0113mas ir \u0161\u0101das:<\/em><\/p>\n

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  1. P\u0101rmai\u0146as un tendences<\/a>. K\u0101das p\u0101rmai\u0146as nes \u0161\u012b kr\u012bze un k\u0101 Jums uz t\u0101m rea\u0123\u0113t, izmantojot kr\u012bzes sniegt\u0101s iesp\u0113jas?<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. Uz\u0146\u0113muma pl\u0101no\u0161ana kr\u012bzes laik\u0101. K\u0101 pie\u0146emt l\u0113mumus situ\u0101cij\u0101, kad pat tuv\u0101k\u0101 n\u0101kotne ir neskaidra?<\/em><\/li>\n
  3. Uz\u0146\u0113muma tie\u0161saistes strat\u0113\u0123ija. K\u0101 r\u012bkoties situ\u0101cij\u0101, kad \u013coti strauji pieaug pakalpojumu un pre\u010du p\u0101rdo\u0161ana ar interneta starpniec\u012bbu?<\/em><\/li>\n
  4. Finans\u0113juma piesaistes strat\u0113\u0123ija. K\u0101 piesaist\u012bt valsts, starptautisko un banku finans\u0113jumu kr\u012bzes apst\u0101k\u013cos?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Kr\u012bzes laik\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam l\u0113mumus j\u0101pie\u0146em un j\u0101izpilda v\u0113l \u0101tr\u0101k, komunik\u0101cijai ir j\u0101k\u013c\u016bst v\u0113l skaidr\u0101kai. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jiem ir v\u0113rts ieklaus\u012bties milit\u0101rajos pl\u0101not\u0101jos, kuri kr\u012bzes situ\u0101ciju risin\u0101\u0161anas pieredzi kr\u0101ju\u0161i gadsimtiem ilgi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Bija p\u0101ris stundas p\u0101ri pusnaktij, bet miegs nen\u0101ca. Bija skaidrs, ka manai \u0123imenei ar eso\u0161o algu p\u0113c da\u017eiem m\u0113ne\u0161iem vairs nepietiks. Jom\u0101, kur\u0101 str\u0101d\u0101ju, biju sasniedzis neofici\u0101lus atalgojuma \u201cstikla griestus\u201d un uz liel\u0101kiem ie\u0146\u0113mumiem nevar\u0113ju cer\u0113t. Ko dar\u012bt? Vai tie\u0161\u0101m n\u0101ksies atst\u0101t Latviju augst\u0101ku ie\u0146\u0113mumu mekl\u0113jumos un str\u0101d\u0101t darbu, kas man, visdr\u012bz\u0101k, nepatiks? K\u0101 tas b\u016bs – dz\u012bvot sve\u0161um\u0101, tikai pa retam redzot savus m\u012b\u013cos?<\/em><\/p>\n

    Manu uzman\u012bbu piesaist\u012bja anon\u012bms vakances sludin\u0101jums internet\u0101: \u201cMekl\u0113jam ambiciozu vad\u012bt\u0101ju Latvij\u0101 v\u0113l nebiju\u0161a projekta \u012bsteno\u0161anai\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

    Vai es esmu labs un ambiciozs vad\u012bt\u0101js? Vai b\u016bs pietiekami liela alga? Vai b\u016bs j\u0101saskaras ar kr\u0101p\u0161anu? Vai tagad\u0113jie darba dev\u0113ji uzzin\u0101s, ka es mekl\u0113ju citu darbu? Laika vairs nebija: pieteikums j\u0101iesniedz l\u012bdz n\u0101kam\u0101s darba dienas s\u0101kumam, t.i. l\u012bdz \u0161\u012bs nakts beig\u0101m.<\/em><\/p>\n

    Inform\u0101cijas bija p\u0101r\u0101k maz (v\u0113l\u0101k sapratu: t\u0101s bija tie\u0161i tik daudz, cik man vajadz\u0113ja), ta\u010du bija j\u0101pie\u0146em l\u0113mums. Es izaicin\u0101jumu pie\u0146\u0113mu un l\u012bdz r\u012btausmai pasp\u0113ju sagatavot un iesniegt nepiecie\u0161amos dokumentus. Jauno darbu ieguvu un s\u0101kotn\u0113jo m\u0113r\u0137i – liel\u0101ku atalgojumu – sasniedzu.<\/em><\/p>\n

    Toreiz man \u0161\u0137ita, ka \u0161is ir riskants l\u0113mums, kas pie\u0146emts izmisuma br\u012bd\u012b, neizsverot visus \u201cpar\u201d un \u201cpret\u201d. Tagad, uz to atskatoties, apzinos: sav\u0101 personiskaj\u0101 kr\u012bzes situ\u0101cij\u0101 man nebija cita ce\u013ca: bija j\u0101balst\u0101s uz nepiln\u012bgu inform\u0101ciju, j\u0101pie\u0146em skaidrs l\u0113mums un izl\u0113m\u012bgi j\u0101r\u012bkojas.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    Vai kr\u012bze vienm\u0113r ir iesp\u0113ja?<\/h3>\n

    Soci\u0101lantropologs Kl\u0101vs Sedlenieks nor\u0101da: \u201c\u2026kr\u012bzi katrs p\u0101rdz\u012bvo cit\u0101di, ar da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m sek\u0101m. Tas ir t\u0101pat k\u0101 ar saslim\u0161an\u0101m: var k\u0101du b\u012bstamu slim\u012bbu izslimot un ieg\u016bt imunit\u0101ti, bet var ar\u012b nomirt. L\u012bdz ar to es noteikti neteiktu, ka kr\u012bze oblig\u0101ti sekm\u0113 person\u012bbas izaugsmi. T\u0101 var b\u016bt, bet var ar\u012b neb\u016bt.\u201d[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

    \u0160is secin\u0101jums vienl\u012bdz attiecas gan uz cilv\u0113kiem, gan uz uz\u0146\u0113mumiem. Ta\u010du uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jdarb\u012bbai ir lieliska priek\u0161roc\u012bba: nereti ir t\u0101, ka uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113js var pie\u0146emt l\u0113mumu p\u0101rtraukt uz\u0146\u0113muma darb\u012bbu un b\u016bt par to laim\u012bgs!<\/p>\n

    \u0160is raksts sniegs \u012bsu ieskatu uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jdarb\u012bbas pl\u0101no\u0161anai p\u0101rmai\u0146u laik\u0101, kad nav skaidrs, kas r\u012bt notiks un kur\u0161 l\u0113mums izr\u0101d\u012bsies pareizs.<\/p>\n

    Galvenie r\u012bc\u012bbas scen\u0101riji<\/h3>\n

    Saskaroties ar liel\u0101m p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m, ir v\u0113rts izv\u0113rt\u0113t \u010detrus galvenos r\u012bc\u012bbas scen\u0101rijus (1.ilustr\u0101cija).[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

    1. scen\u0101rijs: J\u0101s\u0101k jauna uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jdarb\u012bba.<\/strong> Ja J\u016bsu uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jdarb\u012bbas jom\u0101 vienlaikus main\u0101s biznesa modelis un sar\u016bk piepras\u012bjums, ir v\u0113rts apsv\u0113rt eso\u0161\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113muma sl\u0113g\u0161anu. Sar\u016bko\u0161ais piepras\u012bjums liecina, ka Jums samazin\u0101sies ie\u0146\u0113mumi, savuk\u0101rt biznesa mode\u013ca mai\u0146a, visdr\u012bz\u0101k, noved\u012bs pie jauniem, l\u012bdz \u0161im nepl\u0101notiem izdevumiem. Atcerieties: izdevumos b\u016btu j\u0101ieskaita ar\u012b J\u016bsu un darbinieku pat\u0113r\u0113tais laiks, ievie\u0161ot jaunu biznesa modeli! Iesp\u0113jams, l\u0113t\u0101k un dro\u0161\u0101k ir p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas \u0101tri p\u0101rtraukt un dar\u012bt ko citu.<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    1. ilustr\u0101cija. \u010cetri uz\u0146\u0113muma att\u012bst\u012bbas scen\u0101riji p\u0101rmai\u0146u laik\u0101. Izmantots McKinsey & Company materi\u0101ls.<\/i><\/p>\n

    Piem\u0113ri:<\/strong> Videonomas pakalpojumi un videomagnetofoni no tirgus izzuda pirms aptuveni 15 gadiem, jo datortehnikas un tie\u0161saistes pakalpojumu att\u012bst\u012bba noveda pie t\u0101, ka vairs nebija vajadz\u012bbas ieg\u0101d\u0101ties \u012bpa\u0161u aparat\u016bru filmu skat\u012b\u0161anai un nom\u0101t \u012bpa\u0161as filmu kasetes. Pa\u0161laik no tirgus izz\u016bd uz pap\u012bra druk\u0101tas av\u012bzes: zi\u0146as liel\u0101 apjom\u0101 un visda\u017e\u0101d\u0101kaj\u0101s interpret\u0101cij\u0101s internet\u0101 ir pieejamas bez maksas.<\/em><\/p>\n

    M\u0113\u0123iniet iedom\u0101ties savu r\u012bc\u012bbu, ja tagad b\u016btu 2003.gads un Jums pieder\u0113tu videonomas punktu t\u012bkls. K\u0101 J\u016bs r\u012bkotos?<\/em><\/p>\n

    2. scen\u0101rijs: J\u0101p\u0101rveido biznesa modelis.<\/strong> Iesp\u0113jams, ka piepras\u012bjums p\u0113c J\u016bsu ra\u017eot\u0101s preces vai pakalpojuma \u012bpa\u0161i nemain\u0101s – ta\u010du main\u0101s veids, k\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113mumi no t\u0101 g\u016bst pe\u013c\u0146u, t.i. main\u0101s biznesa modelis. Uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam ir uzman\u012bgi j\u0101seko l\u012bdzi p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m, taj\u0101 skait\u0101, uzman\u012bgi v\u0113rojot konkurentus, kuri izm\u0113\u0123ina citas pieejas – pat t\u0101das, kuras l\u012bdz \u0161im nav biju\u0161as efekt\u012bvas.<\/p>\n

    Piem\u0113rs:<\/strong> Klasiskie automa\u0161\u012bnu nomas pakalpojumi lietot\u0101jam nav \u012bpa\u0161i \u0113rti: ir j\u0101ierodas noteikt\u0101 punkt\u0101, j\u0101paraksta virkne dokumentu un automa\u0161\u012bnu atkal j\u0101nodod noteikt\u0101 punkt\u0101 un, v\u0113lams, noteikt\u0101 laik\u0101. \u0160is pakalpojums ir d\u0101rgs, jo to parasti izv\u0113las biznesa klienti, kuri v\u0113las jaunas, t\u012bras, presti\u017eas automa\u0161\u012bnas. Pa\u0161laik strauji att\u012bst\u0101s cits automa\u0161\u012bnu nomas pakalpojumu veids: vienk\u0101r\u0161u, l\u0113tu automa\u0161\u012bnu noma uz stund\u0101m. Pakalpojums tiek pirkts tie\u0161saist\u0113, un ar\u012b automa\u0161\u012bn\u0101 klients iek\u013c\u016bst ar tie\u0161saistes sist\u0113mas pal\u012bdz\u012bbu, p\u0113c pakalpojuma sa\u0146em\u0161anas atst\u0101jot automa\u0161\u012bnu sev \u0113rt\u0101 viet\u0101. Iesp\u0113jams, ka n\u0101kotn\u0113 saglab\u0101sies abi \u0161eit min\u0113tie autonomas pakalpojumu veidi, bet, iesp\u0113jams, l\u0113t\u0101kais un \u0113rt\u0101kais pakalpojums pak\u0101peniski izkonkur\u0113s \u201cklasisko\u201d autonomu.<\/em><\/p>\n

    K\u0101 J\u016bs r\u012bkotos, ja J\u016bs pa\u0161laik p\u0101rvald\u012btu sen zin\u0101ma, \u201cklasiska\u201d autonomas z\u012bmola noda\u013cu Latvij\u0101?<\/em><\/p>\n

    3. scen\u0101rijs: J\u0101veic restrukturiz\u0101cija.<\/strong> Kr\u012bzes laik\u0101 krasi samazin\u0101j\u0101s piepras\u012bjums p\u0113c daudziem produkcijas un pakalpojumu veidiem. Situ\u0101cijai stabiliz\u0113joties, virkne pakalpojumu (piem\u0113ram, friz\u0113tavas) atkal tiek izmantoti, ta\u010du da\u013cai pakalpojumu un pre\u010du piepras\u012bjums kr\u012bt. Kr\u012bze turpin\u0101s un m\u0113s nezin\u0101m, kuras preces un pakalpojumi turpm\u0101k vairs neb\u016bs tik popul\u0101ri: iesp\u0113jams, t\u0101 ar\u012b vairs neatjaunosies agr\u0101kais piepras\u012bjums p\u0113c kru\u012bza ku\u0123u t\u016brisma vai p\u0113c ap\u0123\u0113rbu veikaliem, kas atrodas telp\u0101s.<\/p>\n

    \u0160\u0101d\u0101 situ\u0101cij\u0101 ir nepiecie\u0161ams veikt uz\u0146\u0113muma restrukturiz\u0101ciju, t.i. main\u012bt uz\u0146\u0113muma iek\u0161\u0113jo strukt\u016bru un darba organiz\u0101ciju t\u0101, lai tas saglab\u0101tu savu dz\u012bvotsp\u0113ju. Bie\u017ei restrukturiz\u0101cija izpau\u017eas k\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113muma samazin\u0101\u0161ana, t.i. to fili\u0101\u013cu un noda\u013cu sl\u0113g\u0161ana, kas rada zaud\u0113jumus. Diem\u017e\u0113l, tas papildina bezdarbnieku skaitu, tom\u0113r vismaz da\u013cai no agr\u0101k\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113muma \u013cauj turpin\u0101t darb\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

    Piem\u0113rs:<\/strong> Att\u012bstoties interneta nor\u0113\u0137iniem un tie\u0161saistes dokumentu aprites sist\u0113m\u0101m, virkne uz\u0146\u0113mumu un ar\u012b valsts iest\u0101des ir samazin\u0101ju\u0161as re\u0123ion\u0101lo noda\u013cu skaitu. Re\u0123ion\u0101lo noda\u013cu skaits samazin\u0101j\u0101s, piem\u0113ram, bank\u0101m un pastam. \u0160is solis var b\u016bt s\u0101p\u012bgs gan darbiniekiem, gan klientiem, tom\u0113r \u013cauj saglab\u0101t uz\u0146\u0113muma dz\u012bvotsp\u0113ju.<\/em><\/p>\n

    K\u0101 J\u016bs r\u012bkotos, ja Jums b\u016btu j\u0101uz\u0146emas p\u0101rtikas veikalu \u0137\u0113des vad\u012bba un liela da\u013ca \u0161o veikalu atrastos noma\u013cos ciemos, kur samazin\u0101s iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju skaits? \u0160o veikalu ikdienas darb\u012bba nestu zaud\u0113jumus. Varb\u016bt past\u0101v k\u0101da iesp\u0113ja turpin\u0101t \u0161o veikalu darb\u012bbu?<\/em><\/p>\n

    4. scen\u0101rijs: J\u0101turpina l\u012bdz\u0161in\u0113j\u0101 darb\u012bba.<\/strong> Var gad\u012bties, ka p\u0101rmai\u0146as J\u016bsu uz\u0146\u0113mumu \u0161oreiz \u012bpa\u0161i neskar un uz\u0146\u0113mums var turpin\u0101t ierasto darb\u012bbu. Cilv\u0113kiem joproj\u0101m ir nepiecie\u0161ami p\u0101rtikas produkti, piem\u0113ram, fas\u0113ts piens. Ar\u012b elektr\u012bba ir vienl\u012bdz vajadz\u012bga gan biroj\u0101, gan m\u0101j\u0101s. Viss ir \u0161\u0137ietami vienk\u0101r\u0161i. Ta\u010du ar\u012b \u0161aj\u0101 situ\u0101cij\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113js nedr\u012bkst atsl\u0101bt: varb\u016bt aiz klusuma sl\u0113pjas negaid\u012bti izaicin\u0101jumi?<\/p>\n

    Piem\u0113rs:<\/strong> 2009.gad\u0101 mobilo telefonu tirg\u016b turpin\u0101j\u0101s fantastiski strauja izaugsme. 41% gad\u012bjumu pirc\u0113ji ieg\u0101d\u0101j\u0101s ilggad\u0113j\u0101 tirgus l\u012bdera – Nokia – ra\u017eotos mobilos telefonus. Uz\u0146\u0113mums guva lielisku pe\u013c\u0146u un var\u0113ja at\u013cauties aizvien jaunas inov\u0101cijas. Tom\u0113r Nokia \u0161aj\u0101 br\u012bd\u012b c\u012b\u0146u jau bija zaud\u0113jusi: kam\u0113r Nokia in\u017eenieri turpin\u0101ja fokus\u0113ties uz telefonu tehnolo\u0123iskaj\u0101m (hardware) inov\u0101cij\u0101m, pirc\u0113ji aizvien bie\u017e\u0101k izv\u0113l\u0113j\u0101s telefonus ar Android programmat\u016bru vai Apple ra\u017eotos viedt\u0101lru\u0146us. Nokia nebija piev\u0113rusi pietiekamu uzman\u012bbu programmat\u016brai. Jau p\u0113c pieciem gadiem Nokia da\u013ca glob\u0101laj\u0101 mobilo telefonu tirg\u016b bija niec\u012bga.<\/em><\/p>\n

    Vai J\u016bs esat dro\u0161s, ka sp\u0113jat prognoz\u0113t izmai\u0146as J\u016bsu tirgus ni\u0161\u0101?<\/em><\/p>\n

    Darb\u012bbas pamatprincipi kr\u012bzes laik\u0101<\/h3>\n

    Nepiecie\u0161am\u012bba p\u0113c armijas rodas tikai kr\u012bzes br\u012b\u017eos. Milit\u0101rpersonas pavada savu karjeru vai nu gatavojoties kr\u012bzes situ\u0101cij\u0101m, vai ar\u012b t\u0101s risinot. L\u012bdz ar to milit\u0101raj\u0101 jom\u0101 gadsimtu gait\u0101 ir uzkr\u0101ta milzu pieredze kr\u012bzes situ\u0101ciju p\u0101rvald\u012bbai, un daudzi milit\u0101r\u0101s pl\u0101no\u0161anas pamatprincipi ir pielietojami ar\u012b uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jdarb\u012bbai gr\u016btos laikos. Da\u017ei no \u0161iem principiem:[3]<\/a> [4]<\/a><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Pl\u0101not, pl\u0101not un v\u0113lreiz pl\u0101not savu r\u012bc\u012bbu.<\/strong> Darb\u012bba tiek pl\u0101nota tr\u012bs l\u012bme\u0146os: strat\u0113\u0123iskaj\u0101 (uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam tas var\u0113tu b\u016bt, piem\u0113ram, ilgtermi\u0146a pl\u0101ns), operat\u012bvaj\u0101 (piem\u0113ram, gada pl\u0101ns) un taktiskaj\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b (ikdienas r\u012bc\u012bbas). Kauj\u0101 nekas nav dro\u0161i zin\u0101ms, un viss strauji main\u0101s – t\u0101d\u0113\u013c nep\u0101rtraukti ir j\u0101maina ar\u012b pl\u0101ni. Noz\u012bm\u012bga pl\u0101no\u0161anas sast\u0101vda\u013ca ir visu iesp\u0113jamo risku anal\u012bze un to nov\u0113r\u0161ana. Bie\u017ei vien ir nepiecie\u0161ams pl\u0101not un uztur\u0113t vair\u0101kus scen\u0101rijus.<\/li>\n
    2. Ir j\u0101pie\u0146em skaidri l\u0113mumi neskaidr\u0101 situ\u0101cij\u0101<\/strong>. Strauju p\u0101rmai\u0146u laik\u0101 vairs nav iesp\u0113jams veikt padzi\u013cin\u0101tu un prec\u012bzu anal\u012bzi: l\u0113mumus n\u0101kas pie\u0146emt tad, kad ir zin\u0101ma tikai da\u013ca no nepiecie\u0161amajiem faktiem. Da\u013ca no l\u0113mumiem neizb\u0113gami b\u016bs k\u013c\u016bdaina, ta\u010du neskaidr\u012bbu d\u0113\u013c nedr\u012bkst kav\u0113ties.<\/li>\n
    3. Strauja un izl\u0113m\u012bga r\u012bc\u012bba.<\/strong> Lai apsteigtu situ\u0101ciju un konkurentus, visu n\u0101kas dar\u012bt \u0101tri: pl\u0101not, izlemt un, galvenais, nolemto \u0101tri izdar\u012bt.<\/li>\n
    4. Skaidra sazi\u0146a.<\/strong> Att\u0101lin\u0101ti str\u0101d\u0101jot, elektroniskie sazi\u0146as kan\u0101li bie\u017ei rada apjukumu: da\u013ca inform\u0101cijas atn\u0101k pa e-pastu, da\u013ca ir WhatsApp<\/em> sarakst\u0113, v\u0113l kaut kas ierakst\u012bts Trello<\/em> karti\u0146\u0101s, un v\u0113l kaut kas tiek sarun\u0101ts caur Zoom<\/em>. Situ\u0101cija strauji main\u0101s, un tiek pie\u0146emta virkne l\u0113mumu. Ja darbinieks tam neseko l\u012bdzi, jau p\u0113c ned\u0113\u013cas vairs nevar saprast, kas un k\u0101p\u0113c notiek. T\u0101p\u0113c ir j\u0101izmanto viens vai divi sazi\u0146as kan\u0101li, un svar\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s lietas skaidri un saprotami j\u0101atk\u0101rto atkal un atkal.<\/li>\n
    5. Regul\u0101ra un bie\u017ea sazi\u0146a.<\/strong> M\u016bsu uz\u0146\u0113mumos sazi\u0146a un pl\u0101no\u0161ana notiek \u0161\u0101di:\n